Sunday, 8 March 2015

an influential event


My first contact with dance happened when my mother brought me to a Chinese dance school.  I was seven. I could still vividly remember the scene when the entire class could execute somersaults after two classes. Except me. This led me to think that I could never do dance and I did not continue with dance class. However, my perspective changed when I was 13. Having inspired by a singer who only picked up ballet when she was 11 but subsequently blossomed to dance  on stage, I asked my mom to enroll me in a ballet school. Without any prior experience, I knew I had to work harder than my peers to master dance steps. After three years of practice and grit, I was able to pass Grade 6 ballet examination with distinction. This event where I gave myself a second chance to learn dance inevitably instilled a sense of belief in my own ability.  My experience with dance definitely taught me an important lesson that preservation and hard work are vital elements for success.
(176 words)


Saturday, 7 March 2015

Problem Solution Essay Draft 1

Social media has engaged us in many aspects of our lives, from online marketing and shopping to networking and to the dissemination of news and information. As more people embrace social media, many online platforms proliferate. One such example in Singapore is the STOMP platform that was created and maintained by the Singapore Press Holdings (SPH), which aims to engage netizens in the sharing of first-hand information.

The STOMP official website allows netizens to contribute articles and information via uploads of photos and videos, as well as news articles on a real-time basis. However, it appears that some netizens have been misusing it for online shaming which sometimes tantamounts to harassment and the invasion of personal privacy. In some instances, netizens resort to posting fabricated photos just to gain the attention of fellow users. One such example is the photo of an elderly standing in front of a NS man in uniform and seated in a train. The photograph was posted on 24 Mar 2014 by one of the netizens. He sparked public outcry by complaining about the NS man’s perceived lack of graciousness conduct for not giving up his seat to the elderly. However, in actual fact, there was a reserved seat meant for elderly citizens just a few seats away. The elderly probably chose to stand. This post inevitably portrayed an inaccurate perception of the NS man who by virtue of the uniform he was donning represents the Singapore Armed Force. There was also a recent photo of a man who dozed off in a train. The man inadvertently revealed his private parts as his legs were spread wide apart while seated on the train. The photograph was shared on STOMP on 28 Jan 2015 before going viral online. This had likely put the man to shame and embarrassment. Some feel that SPH allows insensitive articles and articles which have not been rectified for their accuracy to be uploaded on STOMP at the expense of other citizens. While SPH owns the site, it states in its terms and conditions that it holds no responsibility and control over the content contributed by the third-party users. (STOMP, (n.d.))

While STOMP involves netizens in the information sharing of first-hand news, SPH should set guidelines to make sure photos and information put up online are accurate, do not infringe privacy of others or constitute harassment before they are approved to be disseminated.

There was an online petition created by retail executive Robin Li in April 2014 via an international campaigning site change.org for the closing down of STOMP website as he felt that “STOMP had failed to rectify and set simple sensible guidelines before any irresponsible netizen contributes a fabricated story without getting the right facts.” (Li, 2014) To date, the petition has gathered more than 24,000 signatures. It was unsuccessful in bringing STOMP down, but garnered a response from the Singapore media regulator, the Media Development Authority (MDA) to say that “it will not influence the editorial slant of websites but will take firm action if there is a breach of public interest or the promotion of racial and religious hatred or intolerance.” (The Straits Time, 2014) While this message from MDA serves as a warning to citizen contributors, articles such as the one depicting a man’s private may not deemed to fall within the category of breaching public interest or promoting hatred and intolerance. In fact, the photograph was published on STOMP after MDA’s response.

Notwithstanding the concerns with the Stomp Platform, a complete closure of STOMP may be extreme as STOMP can still be an interactive platform supporting citizen-journalism. It also encourages interaction and sharing of first-hand information amongst netizens almost on a real-time basis. SPH could perhaps step in to regulate the content of reports submitted by contributors by filtering articles containing elements of harassment or infringement of personal privacy prior to being published online. When there is a video or photo uploaded that speaks ill of a particular type of behaviour, SPH may need to make sure that the faces of the featured citizens are blurred to prevent identification. While this requires input from SPH in terms of resources and will invariably delay the publication of articles submitted by contributors, such vetting could be important in fostering a healthy online environment. Being the owner of the platform, besides drawing to the attention of contributors that they are responsible for the contents posted subject to the terms and conditions imposed by SPH, it may be helpful for SPH to include a checklist of the standards expected of the contributors before they can post their articles. This is likely to promote responsible online behaviour amongst them.

With the proliferation of social media platforms like STOMP allowing freedom of contributors to post and share information, social responsibility from contributors become paramount. I hope that if SPH steps in to moderate content posted on STOMP, it can help to promote good social habit of contributors and create a healthy online environment.
(823 words)

References

STOMP. (n.d.). Terms and Conditions.

Li. R. (2014, April).  Close down STOMP.com.sg. Change.org.


MDA responds to anti-Stomp petition. (2014, April 19). The Straits Times. Retrieved from: http://news.asiaone.com/news/singapore/mda-responds-anti-stomp-petition-0#sthash.vfvJ6DvB.dpuf

Wednesday, 4 March 2015

Essay Outline

Main problem: 
Some of the netizens misued the STOMP platform by posting photos or videos that invaded into others’ privacy and even to the extent of posting fabricated photos to create juicy gossips so as to get the $50 award given out by STOMP for contributors.

Affected target group/stakeholder: 
Singaporeans being STOMPed

Agent of change/stakeholder:  
Singapore Press Holdings

Solution 1: 
A petition for the shutting down of STOMP

Evaluation 1: 
extreme, there are still positive inputs on STOMP

Solution 2: 
SPH monitor the input of STOMP


Implication/Conclusion: 
more work from SPH, but definitely prevent users from abusing STOMP platfom.

Tuesday, 17 February 2015

Reader Response Draft 3

In the article “Where ISN’T social media ubiquitous?”, Levi (2012) suggests that the lack of support for certain languages by social networks is one of the reasons why social media is not widely used in certain jurisdictions. Nevertheless, where the primary language of users is not supported, the users are able to access the networks using their second language.Even so, there are places where certain languages may be intentionally omitted by social networks due to political sensitivities. 

While the above-mentioned reasons are valid, I find that the article would have been more complete had the author addressed the more fundamental issue of the curtailment on the use of social media in jurisdictions which do not have the requisite Internet infrastructure for widespread infrastructure usage. Apart from this, the use of social networks may be curtailed when certain governments intentionally block certain networks from its people or limit public access only to a government-controlled network. 

Accessing social media requires the Internet and an Internet-enabled gadget such as a computer or a smart phone. Less developed and poorer countries like Congo and Burundi, both struggling with providing its people with basic necessities like food and clean water, currently do not have the resources to build and construct the necessary telecoms infrastructure to enable widespread and cost-efficient Internet usage. Indeed, these countries are amongst the countries with the least percentage of individuals using the Internet, with Internet penetration rates amongst adults in those countries currently as low as less than 2%.

Aside from infrastructural-related issues, the author highlighted that while language could be a barrier to access social media, this might be alleviated by way of a second language used by the users. My view is that it is only a matter of time for which social media will gradually move to include new languages to serve more communities. Take Myanmar for instance. Most of the Burmese have little or no online and therefore social media experience given that there are more than 100 ethnic minority languages.  Efforts were made to progressively include the Burmese into the online community. Squar, a local-language social media site created by Rita Nguyen, aimed specifically at connecting the long-isolated country’s youth, was launched in 2014. With the help of international technology investors who are looking for opportunities to invest in pioneer digital platforms in the countries with less developed infrastructure or using a less influential language, it may be just a matter of time that more and more people who are adept at only certain minority languages become connected to social media platforms. 

Notwithstanding the infrastructural and language barrier issues discussed above, the limitation of language is no longer the barrier when governments deliberately blocks social media sites from their people. One such example is North Korea, where the Internet is not made generally available to the public in the country. The citizens of North Korea are only allowed access to the country’s own intranet. This has no doubt deprived the users from accessing popular social media platforms, which have already reached millions of people at an unprecedented speed, despite the fact that infrastructure networks in the country may actually allow the citizens to do so. 

There are also other countries, including Iran and China, that monitor and block social media platforms such as Youtube, Facebook, Twitter and Google Plus in their countries. However, it appears that given technological advancement, millions of people are able to resort to proxy servers to bypass the restrictions and gain access to such social sites.With available resources and  technological know-how, it seems that it may be jus a matter of time that social media can reach everyone and be ubiquitous everywhere. Infrastructure, language and government policies, while barriers to the widespread use of social media, can seemingly be circumvented as countries develop and prosper and while technology improves.
 (638 words) 

References:


Levi, D. (Jul 24, 2012). Where ISN’T social media ubiquitous? [Web log post]. Retreive from: http://www.etondigital.com/where-isnt-social-media-ubiquitous/


International Telecommunications Union (Geneva). (Jun, 2013). Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2000-2012. Retrieved from http://www.itu.int/en/itu-d/statistics/documents/statistics/2013/individualsinternet_2000-2012.xls 


Scott, M. (Feb 23, 2014). Entrepreneur's Social-Media Site Tailor-Made for Myanmar. Forbes. Retrieved from: http://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesasia/2014/02/23/entrepreneur-creates-social-media-site-tailor-made-for-myanmar/

Myers, C. (Feb 11, 2013). Google and Facebook remain tentative in Myanmar. Myanmar Times. Retrieved from: http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/special-features/159-digital-communications/4094-google-and-facebook-remain-tentative-in-myanmar.html

Sedaghat, N. (March 17, 2014). North Korea exposed: Censorship in the world’s most secretive state. Canadian Journalist For Free Expression. Retrieved from: https://cjfe.org/resources/features/north-korea-exposed-censorship-world’s-most-secretive-state.